魏燕萍
1．share v.分享，共享，共同 常用于share (in)sth.: 分摊或分享某事物，参与某事物。
share (in) sth. with sb.与某人共有（或合用）某物，在（某方面）有共同之处，将某事告诉某人
eg—I will share (in)the cost with you.
eg—share a room /house
eg-- share one’s belief/faith
eg--你能与我合用你的笔吗？
eg--他不肯将他的秘密告诉我们。
2.(1)be used to do sth .被用来做某事
eg--据说这种药可以用来治愈癌症。
(2)be used to (doing )sth.
eg—It was a long time before she was completely used to working with old people.
get/become/grow used to (doing)sth. eg—
eg 他一点一点地习惯了自己新的家庭.
(3)used to do sth. 过去常常
eg—过去我没有开过大汽车。
3.representative n.代表，代理人 adj.有代表性的，典型的be representative of sb./sth.
eg--他们派了一名代表去开会。
eg--Is a questionnaire answered by 500 people truly representative of all people?
4.face v.面对，朝
eg—
你的房子朝着哪个方向？--朝南。
face up to大胆面对
eg—我们应该大胆面对困难。
5．access n.①进入，接近 accessible adj.可接近的
eg—Only high officials had access to the emperor.
eg—There is no access to the house from the main road.
②入口，通道
eg--通往农舍的唯一通路是经过这座桥。
6.especially adv.特别地，尤其，格外
eg—
在大城市空气污染是个大问题，尤其是在一些发展中国家。
eg--我喜欢这个城市，尤其是在夏天时。
especially,particularly,specially的比较：
especially=particularly“特别地，尤其”，指有意突出到明显或例外的程度
specially “特别地，专门”，是表示为了某个目的而特别地，专门地做某事。
7．action n.行动，动作
take action 采取行动（其中action为不可数名词）
eg--We must take action before it is too late.
put into action付诸实施
act与 action,activity的区别：
act
action
activity
8.in harmony with 与…和谐相处，协调一致，相配
eg---他的爱好与我的相同。
eg-- We live together in perfect harmony.
9.put an end to 结束
eg—The government is determined to put an end to terrorism.
eg—
你应该停止这些不礼貌的行为。
10．make a difference 产生差别，有差别，要紧，关系重大。（其中 difference为可数名词。）
eg—
你走哪条路这关系重大.
eg--One false step will make a great difference.
difference也常用作不可数名词。
eg—It won’t make much difference whether you write today or tomorrow
eg—It makes little difference to me.
make a/no/some/etc. dfifference to sb./sth.
11.affect vt①影响（=have an affection ）
eg—
-吸烟影响健康。
eg—The entire country was affected by the drought.
②感动（=move）
eg—
屋里所有的人都感动地流了泪。
affect表示“影响”，以被影响的事作宾语，且着重“影响”的动作。
eg—My opinion was affected by the recent development of events.
infulence一般指一种“不易觉察到的，潜移默化式的影响。”
eg—I don’t want to influence you either way,so I won’t tell you my opinion.
influence的名词与动词同形，常用 influence on 。
eg—Those so-called friends of hers are a bad influence on her.
12.harm ①vt.损害或伤害某人或某事
eg—The conflict has harmed relations between the two countries.
②用作不可数名词：“伤害，损害，危害。”常用于以下结构：
do harm to sb.=do sb. harm/do no harm to sb.=do sb. no harm/do great harm=do
a lot of harm
harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to 对…有害的
harmless adj.无害的，无恶意的。
13．speak about/of 谈到，谈及
eg—
我们听到他谈到过这件事。
eg—
他们在谈论他们的老板。
常见搭配：speak well/highly of
speak ill/well of
strictly/frankly/generally speaking
speak to oneself
speak out
14.stress vt.①着重，强调
eg—
他强调合作的重要性。
eg—She stressed that we should be honest.
②重读
eg—The word “machine”is stressed on its second syllable.
n.①强调；重视；重要性(U)②压力，紧张(U.C)
eg—Some schools put stress on foreign language education.
eg—He is under great stress because of his new job.
15．responsibility n.责任，责任心(C)；职责，任务(U)常与for连用. 反义词：irresponsibility
eg—
安排该次会议是他的职责。
eg—Now that you’re 17,you should have more sense of responsibility.
responsible adj.对…负责任的，（应）负责的 be responsible to sb./sth.
eg—
这件事他对我负责。
eg—
那个男孩负责喂鸡。
take the responsibility for/of (doing) sth.负起对（做）某事的责任
bear responsibility for 对…负有责任
one’s sense of responsibility 责任感
do sth.on one’s own responsibility 自己负责做某事
16.defend vt.①为…辩护
eg—How can you defend the killing of anminals for science research.
②防卫，防守
eg—When the dog attacked me,I picked up a stick and defend myself.
eg—
他们不能阻挠我们捍卫工人的权利。
17.according adv.①根据，按照
eg—根据字典上的说法，你是正确的。
②要看…来决定eg--You may go to college or to work ,according as you decide.
according to +名词/代词，但不与 view,opinion连用；
according as+从句
该错：According to my opinion,this book is worth reading.
18.attend vt.＆vi.
vt. ①出席，参加eg—He didn’t attend the meeting yesterday.
②照顾，护理，伺候eg—Dr.Martin attends him.
vi.①attend (on/upon)照顾，伺候
eg—He was attended on by a number of servants.
②attend(to)注意，用心
eg—你应该用心从事自己的工作。
比较“参加”：take part in +(activitities)
attend+(meeting)
join+(the party/the army)
join sb.in sth.